Vascular reconstruction provides short-term and long-term survival benefits for patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma: A retrospective, multicenter study
Yi-Xian Huang a , Chao Xu b , Cheng-Cheng Zhang a , Guang-Yi Liu a , Xing-Chao Liu c , Hai-Ning Fan d , Bi Pan a ,Yuan-Cheng Li a , ∗
a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
b Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
c Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
d Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining 810016, China
Abstract：Background: In patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA), radical resection can be achieved by resection and reconstruction of the vasculature. However, whether vascular reconstruction (VR) improves long-term and short-term prognosis has not been demonstrated comprehensively.
Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter study of patients who received surgery for HCCA with or without VR. Variables associated with overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were identified based on Cox regression. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to explore the impact of VR. Restricted mean survival time (RMST) was used for comparisons of short-term survival between the groups. Patients’ intraoperative and postoperative characteristics were compared.
Results: Totally 447 patients were enrolled. We divided these patients into 3 groups: VR with radi- cal resections ( n = 84); non-VR radical resections ( n = 309) and non-radical resection (we pooled VR- nonradical and non-VR nonradical together, n = 54). Cox regression revealed that carbohydrate antigen 242 (CA242), vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis and poor differentiation were independent risk factors for OS and RFS. There was no significant difference of RMST between the VR and non-VR radical groups within 12 months after surgery (10.18 vs. 10.76 mon, P = 0.179), although the 5-year OS ( P < 0.001) and RFS ( P < 0.001) were worse in the VR radical group. The incidences of most complica- tions were not significantly different, but those of bile leakage ( P < 0.001) and postoperative infection ( P = 0.009) were higher in the VR radical group than in the non-VR radical group. Additionally, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) up to 7 days after surgery tended to decrease in all groups. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative liver failure between the VR and non-VR radical groups.
Conclusions: Radical resection can be achieved with VR to improve the survival rate without worsening short-term survival compared with resection with non-VR. After adequate assessment of the patient’s general condition, VR can be considered in the resection.
2024, Vol. 23 
