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| Bile acid signaling through farnesoid X and TGR5 receptors in hepatobiliary and intestinal diseases |
| Bojan Stanimirov, Karmen Stankov and Momir Mikov |
Novi Sad, Serbia
Author Affiliations: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia (Stanimirov B and Mikov M); Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia (Stankov K); School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Kent Street Bentley WA 6102, 6845 Perth, Australia (Mikov M)
Corresponding Author: Bojan Stanimirov, MD, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia (Tel: +381-21-522172; Fax: +381-21-6615771; Email: bojan.s@uns.ac.rs) |
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Abstract BACKGROUND: The well-known functions of bile acids (BAs) are the emulsification and absorption of lipophilic xenobiotics. However, the emerging evidences in the past decade showed that BAs act as signaling molecules that not only autoregulate their own metabolism and enterohepatic recirculation, but also as important regulators of integrative metabolism by activating nuclear and membrane-bound G protein-coupled receptors. The present review was to get insight into the role of maintenance of BA homeostasis and BA signaling pathways in development and management of hepatobiliary and intestinal diseases.
DATA SOURCES: Detailed and comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus databases was carried out for original and review articles.
RESULTS: Disturbances in BA homeostasis contribute to the development of several hepatobiliary and intestinal disorders, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver cirrhosis, cholesterol gallstone disease, intestinal diseases and both hepatocellular and colorectal carcinoma.
CONCLUSION: Further efforts made in order to advance the understanding of sophisticated BA signaling network may be promising in developing novel therapeutic strategies related not only to hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal but also systemic diseases.
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2015, Vol. 14 
