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Comment on "Terry's nail: an overlooked physical finding in cirrhosis" |
Zheng-Xiao Li, Sheng-Xiang Xiao and Fan-Pu Ji |
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China (Li ZX and Xiao SX); Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China (Ji FP) (Email: jifanpu1979@163.com) |
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Abstract To the Editor:
We read with great interest the recent paper by Baran and colleagues,[1] published in the journal of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Diseases International. The authors presented nails abnormalities in a 65-year-old woman with cryptogenic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and described them as Terry's nails. Whether they were Terry's nails remains controversial, at least far away from the typical Terry's nails. Thus we have several comments with respect to the photograph.
First, fully developed Terry's nails exhibit a ground-glass-like opacity of almost the entire nail bed. The condition is bilaterally symmetrical, with a tendency to be more marked in the thumb and forefinger (Fig. A).[2] However, the white discoloration of proximal nails is inhomogenous in their images, and red nail bed is noted in all left fingernails and in forefinger and little finger of right hand.
Second, another classical presentation of Terry's nails is a distal thin brown to pink transverse band of 0.5-2.0 mm in width (Fig. A).[2] Although the authors described a zone of normal pink at the distal edge of the nails, only forefinger, middle and ring finger of right hand in their images have a pink transverse band with fuzzy boundaries in width of 4-6 mm and occupy 20% to 40% of the nail length. These abnormalities need to differentiate from half-and-half nails, which are typically seen in chronic renal failure, as well as in cirrhotic patients with severe hypoalbuminemia.[3]
Nail abnormalities can be a revealing sign of a systemic disease including liver cirrhosis. The most common nail abnormality in patients with liver cirrhosis is Terry's nails. Terry's toenails also can occur in cirrhotic patients (Fig. B). Classical presentation of Terry's nails or toenails included a distal thin brown to pink transverse band of 0.5-2.0 mm in width, white nail bed, and absence of the lunula.[2, 4] Although Terry's nails are only a visual diagnosis and validated diagnostic criteria are absent, and some patients with Terry's fingernails show inhomogeneous changes in all nails in a random fashion,[5] the readers of the journal would be happier with a more classical presentation of this condition.
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