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| Troubleshooting of reinterventions after stent-by-stent placement for malignant hilar biliary obstruction (with videos) |
| Tadahisa Inoue ∗, Rena Kitano , Masashi Yoneda |
Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
∗ Corresponding author.
E-mail address: tinoue-tag@umin.ac.jp (T. Inoue). |
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Abstract Biliary drainage is essential for controlling cholangitis and/or jaundice in patients with malignant hilar biliary obstruction, and endoscopy is the first choice of approach due to its less invasiveness. For unresectable cases, placement of self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) has been recommended over that of plastic stents due to their longer patency, and bilateral placement is also recommended to achieve higher clinical success and patency rates [1]. However, approximately half of all cases develop recurrent biliary obstruction even after bilateral SEMS placement. Currently, physicians must manage biliary drainage in anticipation of recurrent biliary obstruction [1,2], but reintervention for recurrent biliary obstruction after bilateral SEMS placement is technically very challenging [3-7].
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2022, Vol. 21 
