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| Novel 3D preclinical model systems with primary human liver cells: Recent progresses, applications and future prospects |
| Jian-Gang Zhang # , Hua-Yu Yang # , Yi-Lei Mao ∗ |
Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing 100730, China
∗ Corresponding author.
E-mail address: pumch-liver@hotmail.com (Y.-L. Mao).
# Contributed equally. |
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Abstract Liver plays a central role in various physiological functions, including metabolism, biliary secretion, production of plasma proteins, regulation of hormones as well as detoxication. Because of its multidimensional functions, liver diseases such as viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis and liver cancer may lead to serious consequences. However, the therapeutic options for these diseases are limited [1]. Preclinical models are important to explore the managements of patients with liver diseases. However, the traditional cell line and xenografted mice are not satisfying in preclinical studies [2]. We need to create patient-derived preclinical models with high robustness of cell fate maintenance, high-level tissue self-assembly accuracy and ability to exhibit dynamics of physiological processes. This article reviewed recent progresses, applications and future prospects of novel preclinical model systems with primary human liver cells, including spheroid systems, patient-derived organoid (PDO), microfluidic systems, bioprinting and patient-derived xenograft (PDX).
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2021, Vol. 20 
